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中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

阴山优麦聚焦科技创新 延长燕麦产业链******

  在位于内蒙古乌兰察布的内蒙古阴山优麦食品有限公司(以下简称“阴山优麦”)的车间里,一派繁忙景象:产品生产区,工人正在燕麦产品生产线上操作;产品检测区,公司技术人员正在检验燕麦产品质量;产品打包、装卸工区,工人正忙着装箱、贴单、装车……一系列工序井然有序地进行。

  阴山优麦成立于2015年,是一家集燕麦育种、规模化种植、农产品深加工、产品销售、仓储物流、燕麦科技创新和燕麦文化与品牌推广于一体的燕麦全产业链公司。从一家小公司成长为农业产业化国家重点龙头企业,小燕麦做成了大产业。阴山优麦董事长卢文兵说:“公司的高成长性源于坚持创新发展,立足农产品深加工,持续完善产业链,走出一条农业科技现代化发展之路。”

  “燕麦是乌兰察布的主要农作物之一。我一直想通过建立龙头企业,以‘公司+农场+农户’的方式,带动燕麦产业发展,为农民增收致富作出贡献。”卢文兵说,依据当地资源优势,公司大力发展农产品精深加工,提高燕麦资源利用率,提升农产品附加值,加快农业产业化发展。

  “为提高生产效率,我们以调整生产加工工艺流程为抓手,对生产线实施了大规模技术改造。”阴山优麦常务副总经理肖平波说,通过对生产线进行自动化改造,生产效率和产品质量均得到显著提升。目前,阴山优麦已建成年产3万吨燕麦香米、2万吨燕麦片、2000万个燕麦杯、6000吨燕麦粉(莜面)加工生产线。

  除生产线改造外,阴山优麦严格把控产品质量,精细化管理,以优质产品开拓市场。为了给消费者提供优质燕麦,在种植环节上严格按照有机体系标准规范种植;在加工过程中运用先进工艺和检测设备严把质量关,不断完善产品质量控制管理制度。“公司实现从原料、生产、加工到销售的全链路质量控制和管理,从而有效防范和控制质量风险。”卢文兵说。

  创新是企业发展的动力源泉。近年来,阴山优麦通过加强产学研合作、加大研发投入等方式,不断探索新技术,研发新产品。卢文兵说:“为提高创新能力,我们与乌兰察布市农林科学研究所等科研院所开展合作。比如,在种植基地技术指导、优质燕麦品种繁育以及燕麦加工与推广等方面深入合作,拓展产品研发的深度和广度,着力开发燕麦高端产品,进一步延伸产业链,提升产品附加值。”

  在公司的产品展示区域内,记者看到燕麦米、燕麦肽、燕麦谷物饮等一系列深加工产品。工作人员介绍,借助科技手段进行深加工之后,每亩燕麦能够实现约2000元的产值。尝到先进技术的甜头,阴山优麦更加坚定了走创新发展之路的决心,坚持做研究、搞创新。公司结合市场需求相继推出了燕麦纤维粉等高附加值产品以及混合谷物燕麦产品。

  凭借创新实践,阴山优麦还积极参与即食燕麦片地方标准的制定。截至目前,公司已获得发明专利9项、实用新型专利8项。

  “坚定不移走农产品精深加工之路,是公司的发展方向。”卢文兵说,科技创新为企业注入强大发展动能,阴山优麦的市场份额不断扩大,竞争力得以增强。公司已建成覆盖20多个省份的市场销售网络,开拓了一批集团业务渠道及多个电商渠道。2020年实现销售额1.06亿元,2021年实现销售额1.2亿元,2022年销售额达2亿元。

  当下,随着居民生活水平的提高以及对健康饮食需求的增加,燕麦食品未来消费人群和人均消费量将持续增长,中国燕麦市场前景广阔。卢文兵介绍,下一步,公司将立足当地特色农业优势,继续加大育种投入,与科研部门配合,培育高产、优质的燕麦新品种。同时,不断推进燕麦精深加工,加大产品创新力度,研发出更多优质健康、时尚便捷的燕麦食品,并将继续强化扶农助农机制,发挥龙头企业的带动作用,为农民增收、农业增效作出贡献。(余 健)

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